GDRThe GDR Institute

How a GDR score is made

Type in a nation's nine indicator values, or start from the Costa Rica worked example.* Each value is scored against fixed limits, the three pillars combine their indicators, and GDR multiplies the pillars.

The calculator

Ecology  Society  Capital  GDR 

Compare with the twelve nations

Nine indicators and their sources

Each pillar holds three indicators. Each indicator is scored between a fixed worst and a fixed best value, the same for every nation.

Scroll sideways

The nine indicators of the GDR method.* Poverty is scored one of two ways, absolute poverty where it is measured and relative poverty where it is not, so it takes two rows.

PillarIndicatorWhat it measuresSource
EcologyGreenhouse gas intensityTonnes of CO2 emitted per $1,000 of GDP at purchasing power parity.World Bank
EcologyProtected areaShare of a nation's land area under formal protected status.World Bank
EcologyMaterial footprintTonnes of raw material consumed per person per year.UN Environment Programme, International Resource Panel
SocietyPoverty, absoluteShare of the population counted poor on several measures at once.Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative 4 of 12: Costa Rica, India, Guyana, DR Congo
SocietyPoverty, relativeShare of the population below half the national median income.OECD 8 of 12: Germany, France, United Kingdom, Sweden, New Zealand, Norway, Japan, United States
SocietyHealth coverageHow far essential health services reach the population, on a 0 to 100 scale.World Health Organization
SocietyTop 10% wealth shareShare of net personal wealth held by the wealthiest tenth of the population.World Inequality Database
CapitalResilient productShare of GDP not exposed to the risk of being stranded.World Bank, as an interim proxy: 100 minus natural resource rents as a share of GDP
CapitalExport concentrationHow concentrated a nation's exports are in a few products.UNCTAD
CapitalPublic debtGeneral government gross debt as a share of GDP.International Monetary Fund

107 of the 108 values for the twelve nations come from named public sources. The one gap is Guyana's material footprint, left blank, so Guyana's Ecology pillar uses two indicators.

These limits are provisional, and material footprint is marked for revision.*

From indicator to score

  1. Score each indicator. Its value becomes a number from 0, at the worst limit, to 1, at the best, in proportion to where it sits between them. A value past a limit is held at that limit.
  2. Keep every score above zero. A score below 0.01 is raised to 0.01. Without that minimum, Japan's public debt, past its worst limit, would make its whole GDR zero.
  3. Form the pillar. Inside a pillar the three scores are multiplied and the cube root taken (a geometric mean), with equal weights, so a low score pulls the pillar down further than a simple average would. A missing indicator drops out.
  4. Multiply the pillars. Ecology, Society and Capital, each between 0 and 1, are multiplied and scaled to 100.

GDR = E × S × C × 100

Three pillars at 0.80 each give 0.80 × 0.80 × 0.80 = 0.512, a GDR of 51.2. Because the pillars multiply, halving any one pillar halves GDR.

The scale is compressed on purpose. A score of 45 needs all three pillars near 0.766 at once, and 70 is out of reach of every nation tested. A score is never a percentage.

Every score carries a range

Each score has a 95% interval: the uncertainty in each value, carried through the calculation. The uncertainty depends on the kind of data behind each value.

The ranges overlap for most neighbouring nations. Scores are read as bands, never as a league table.

The bands are provisional.

The twelve nations

Pillar scores are shown out of 100, as in the calculator, so GDR is E × S × C ÷ 10,000. ▸ marks each nation's lowest pillar, the one holding its GDR down.

Scroll sideways

Twelve nations scored with the GDR method.*

CountryGDR95% intervalEcologySocietyCapitalGDP per person
Costa Rica43.4[33.9, 55.5]lowest pillar 71.373.782.5$34,157
Germany36.7[30.1, 44.9]lowest pillar 56.772.389.5$76,747
France35.5[29.1, 43.4]lowest pillar 65.773.573.6$68,567
United Kingdom34.7[28.1, 43.0]lowest pillar 64.071.476.0$67,585
Sweden25.0[19.2, 32.7]lowest pillar 43.460.295.7$77,094
New Zealand18.4[14.1, 24.0]lowest pillar 31.266.788.5$58,308
India8.8[7.3, 10.7]lowest pillar 19.855.580.4$12,801
Norway8.7[7.0, 10.8]lowest pillar 13.089.374.7$115,548
Japan6.1[4.7, 7.9]50.259.2lowest pillar 20.6$59,207
Guyana 8 of 95.0[3.9, 6.4]lowest pillar 25.263.430.9$95,477
United States4.6[3.7, 5.7]lowest pillar 18.935.169.0$94,430
DR Congo1.0[0.8, 1.3]59.9lowest pillar 8.321.0$2,144

Guyana uses 8 of 9 indicators, and its score of 5.0* recomputes to 4.94 from its own pillars. The Institute reproduces every other row as E × S × C ÷ 10,000 to within 0.1.

* Source: the GDR white paper by Tenzin Seldon.